The question of implementation is simply whether or not a given idea, practice or program 

gets “put in place”.  In focusing on teaching and learning, for example, I have suggested 

that implementation consists of (1) using new materials, (2) engaging in new behaviors 

and practices and, (3) incorporating new beliefs (Fullan, 2001 a).  The logic is 

straightforward – no matter how promising a new idea may be, it cannot impact student 

learning if it is superficially implemented. 

Implementing change at the Building Level 2001